Narrative-driven XR for Cultural Heritage: a comparative evaluation of augmented and virtual reality experiences. 
Abstract
This paper investigates the role of narrative-driven XR experiences in supporting cultural heritage interpretation through a comparative analysis of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). Using the Church of Santa Maria in Muris (Italy) as a case study, two parallel experiences were developed. A user-centered evaluation approach was adopted to assess learning outcomes, engagement, usability, and perceived cultural value. Results show that both modalities effectively support comprehension and engagement, with AR enhancing contextual and exploratory learning through spatial integration within the physical environment, and VR providing a fully immersive and controlled virtual setting that supports a coherent and guided interpretation of narrative content. The findings highlight the complementary nature of AR and VR and the importance of narrative design, interaction, and spatial context in XR experiences.
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2423/i22394303v16n1p19
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